Mastering the Double Axel

The double Axel is a cornerstone of figure skating, blending power, precision, and artistry. Requiring 2.5 rotations from a forward-edge takeoff to a backward landing, it’s a challenging jump that tests a skater’s technical and physical abilities. This article explores the biomechanics and physics behind the double Axel, offers practical tips for mastery, and introduces the Victory Sports Academy (VSA) app’s new “Double Axel Off-Ice” category to help skaters find coaches easily.

Understanding the Double Axel

Named after Axel Paulsen, the double Axel involves taking off from the outside edge of one foot, completing 2.5 rotations in the air, and landing on the outside edge of the opposite foot. With a base value of 3.30 points in International Skating Union (ISU) competitions, it’s a key element in many short programs due to its difficulty.

The Science of the Double Axel

The double Axel is a masterclass in physics and biomechanics. Skaters generate angular momentum at takeoff, which is conserved in the air (L = Iω, where L is angular momentum, I is moment of inertia, and ω is angular velocity). By pulling their limbs inward, skaters reduce I, increasing ω to achieve rotational speeds of 4–5 revolutions per second. The takeoff requires a forceful impulse, producing forces up to three times body weight, with jump heights of 0.4–0.6 meters and air times of 0.5–0.6 seconds. A tight air position minimizes air resistance, while a near-vertical axis (within 5–10 degrees) ensures a clean landing. Challenges include maintaining the outside edge, achieving height, and avoiding under-rotation due to axis misalignment or insufficient rotation speed.

Tips for Mastering the Double Axel

Here are five biomechanically informed tips to perfect the double Axel:

1. Optimize Takeoff Mechanics\
   Approach with controlled speed, stepping onto the outside edge of your takeoff foot (typically left for counterclockwise skaters). Keep the skating knee bent and over the skate for maximum force. Extend your free leg backward, knee turned out, to stabilize the hip. Avoid inward knee collapse, which shifts the jump off-edge.
2. Strengthen Key Muscle Groups Off-Ice\
   The quadriceps, glutes, and core drive the double Axel’s height and rotation. Off-ice squats, lunges, and plyometric jumps build explosive power. Single-leg deadlifts enhance hip stability, and core exercises support a tight air position.
3. Refine the Air Position\
   In the air, pull arms in and cross legs tightly to reduce moment of inertia, boosting rotation speed for the 2.5 turns. Practice this off-ice with a spinner or visualization drills to build muscle memory, ensuring stability for landing.
4. Coordinate Timing for Efficiency\
   Synchronize arm, leg, and core movements at takeoff. Swing your free leg and arms forward to start rotation, but avoid over-swinging to maintain axis alignment. Progress from waltz jumps to single Axels to refine timing.
5. Leverage Visualization and Consistency\
   Visualize a balanced parabolic trajectory to align your body. Consistent practice reduces errors. Record attempts to check takeoff angles and air positions, targeting a near-vertical axis.

VSA App’s New “Double Axel Off-Ice” Category

Great news for skaters: the Victory Sports Academy (VSA) app, available on iOS and Android, now includes a “Double Axel Off-Ice” category. This new feature makes it easier to find a coach to work on your double Axel, offering targeted off-ice drills and expert guidance. Connect with world-class coaches like Helen or Mary for personalized feedback, access conditioning programs, and refine your technique from anywhere, no rink required.

Conclusion

The double Axel is a thrilling jump that showcases a skater’s skill and determination. By understanding its physics, honing technique, and training consistently, you can conquer this element. The VSA app’s new “Double Axel Off-Ice” category simplifies finding a coach to perfect your jump. Download the VSA app today and elevate your double Axel training!

For more details, visit vsaworld.com or download the app from the App Store or Google Play.

By Vitalina Andrushchenko, Staff Writer